Robust inhibitory effects of conjugated linolenic acids on a cyclooxygenase-related linoleate 10S-dioxygenase: Comparison with COX-1 and COX-2

Response to Influenza A Viral Infection (COX-1) and COX-2 Deficiency on the Host Contrasting Effects of Cyclooxygenase-1

Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 expressing macrophages/microglial cells and COX-2 expressing astrocytes accumulate during oligodendroglioma progression.

Cyclooxygenases (COX, prostaglandin endoperoxide synthases, PGG/H synthases) are potent mediators of edema, impeding blood flow and immunomodulation in the pathologically altered brain. Two COX iso-enzymes have been associated with brain disease, the constitutively expressed COX-1 and the cytokine-inducible COX-2. We have used single and double labeling immunohistochemistry to analyse COX-1 and...

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) Inhibition Constrains

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) metabolizes L-tryptophan to kynurenines (KYN), inducing T-cell suppression either directly or by altering antigen-presenting-cell function. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of prostaglandins, is over-expressed by several tumours. We aimed at determining whether COX-2 inhibitors down-regulate the IFN--induced expression of ID...

Clinical Implications of Cyclooxygenase Enzymes: COX-1/COX-2 Role of the New NSAIDs.

Professor John Vane won the Nobel Prize for elucidating the mechanism of action of aspirin. He reported that this was accomplished by blocking the enzyme called cyclooxygenase (COX-1) that was responsible for the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. Prostaglandins liberated from arachidonic acid by cyclooxygenase are short-lived substances that act as local hormones (autocoids) imp...

Gastrointestinal tolerability of the selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor rofecoxib compared with nonselective COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors in osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND Most nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are nonselective cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) inhibitors and are associated with a variety of upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract symptoms. The roles of COX-1 and COX-2 in the pathogenesis of these symptoms are unclear. To test whether COX-2 inhibition with rofecoxib would have greater GI tolerability than nonselective COX-1 and CO...